Methodological development of an open extracurricular event Topic: “Oh, you are my steppe, the steppe is free. Day of the steppe: young holiday of Kalmykia Events about the steppe

15.03.2020

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Steppe and steppe all around ... the path lies far
On the Day of the Steppe, REGNUM news agency publishes a story by Natalia Sudets about the occurrence of this holiday, as well as the fate and secrets of the Russian steppes / The plot “National Parks and Wildlife Reserves” / REGNUM Photo Projects / May, 2018

You wake up in the steppe at dawn, stretch your hand to the window, pull the curtain on the laboratory window and see that the sun has already caught its paws on the edge of the earth and is pulling up, stretching to the horizon, brightening its edge. More and more

Orenburg Reserve

Trying to open your eyes, you roll off the couch, push yourself into shoes right in your pajamas, half asleep grab someone's jacket, the other a photo backpack and step into the dawn. I did it! And now you go, squinting, dragging sleepy legs, towards the sun. You choose a point, put up a tripod, a camera, take a picture, hear the larks singing, look up, smile, take a deep breath: "Good morning, Steppe!" Steppe heart of Russia

In the Orenburg region, on the border of Europe and Asia, is the steppe heart of Russia - the Orenburg Reserve. The first fully steppe reserve in Russia, created May 12, 1989 specifically for the conservation of steppe ecosystems. The fact is that the steppes are not legally protected in any way, and the only chance to protect them from human activity is to create a specially protected natural area, national park or reserve.

2. Orenburg Nature Reserve

3. The same

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5. Steppe flowers

This year the reserve celebrated its 29th birthday, and next year it will celebrate its anniversary. And at least 30 years - a sufficiently long period, the reserve became widely known only at the end of 2015, when new residents settled in its steppe. But first things first.

6. Przhevalsky horses brought to the Orenburg steppe

7. The same

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Steppes as an ecosystem were formed under the influence of grazing of a large number of herd ungulates, which regularly ate and knocked it out. And in the steppe reigned his way of life, those animals and birds lived, to whom this way was to their liking. But in Soviet times, the steppes went under the knife of tractors. Steppe black soil turned into arable land, cities, forest plantations, industrial facilities, landfills. And the steppe, not protected by law, as an ecosystem was in danger. When people realized this, they began to create reserves. However, the creation of specially protected natural territories solved the problem only partially, at the same time giving rise to another. The fact is that by the beginning of the 21st century there were practically no wild ungulates left in the steppes, and livestock grazing in nature reserves is prohibited by law. And the incident turned out: the protected steppe without ungulates began to gradually overgrow and degrade.

12. The sky over the steppe

13. Orenburg Nature Reserve

14. Steppe inhabitants

15. The same

16. Steppe flowers

Scientists have long understood that in order to maintain the steppe in its standard form, ungulates are needed. In July 2015, the former military training ground with an area of \u200b\u200b165 square kilometers (approximately the area of \u200b\u200bthe Khabarovsk urban district) was added to the Orenburg Nature Reserve, where, thanks to the military, the largest stretch of feather grass steppe in Russia was left untouched. The new territory became the fifth part of the reserve and was called the “Ural steppe”, and the total area of \u200b\u200bthe reserve due to this increased by 76%. A case unprecedented in our country. And this was done in order to begin the implementation of a unique project - the return to the nature of the Orenburg region of the Przewalski wild horse species that once lived here. This species completely disappeared from the wild through the fault of humans at the end of the 70s of the last century and was preserved only in zoos and semi-reserves.

17. Steppe inhabitants

18. The sky over the steppe

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20. Orenburg Nature Reserve

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Employees of the reserve, with the support of the Steppe project of the UN Development Program / Global Environment Facility and the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia, have developed a program for creating a semi-free population of the Przhevalsky horse. Its practical start began in July 2015, as soon as a site appeared sufficient in size to create a full population of wild horses. The first group of animals was brought from France, from the Tour du Vale biostation, and in the next two years several more groups from the Hortobadi Hungarian National Park arrived in the reserve. The last delivery took place in October 2016. Then the team of "Orenburg Reserves" between the cases set a world record for a one-time air transportation of wild ungulates. Not a single country in the world transported 16 wild horses at a time. And let the Russians harness for a long time, but go fast. This is the twelfth such project in the world and the most dynamically developing. With its beginning, the ancient union of the steppes and ungulates was actually restored. Today, three herds of real wild horses live in the reserved steppe of the Orenburg Nature Reserve, and two more are preparing for life in the acclimatization pens.

22. Przhevalsky horses brought to the Orenburg steppe

23. The same

25. Orenburg Nature Reserve

26. Steppe flowers

Steppe day

Prior to arriving in the Orenburg region, the steppe seemed to me something dull and uninteresting. The photographer’s eyes have nothing to cling to, I thought naively. But for three years now, I have been in love with the steppe, and she reciprocates, revealing more and more new dimensions of herself. And every spring I come back here to celebrate two birthdays at once, of the reserve and the steppe.

27. Steppe inhabitants

28. Przhevalsky horses imported to the Orenburg steppe

29. The same

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It is difficult to imagine, but even in the most steppe country in the world, Mongolia, there is no official holiday dedicated to the steppe. Until 2013, no country in the world celebrated it. This idea seemed so unexpected and, what can I say, ingenious that I took advantage of my official position (and I then worked as a PR consultant of the UNDP Steppe project) and offered the project management the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating an official holiday in the Orenburg region. The governor liked the idea, and a couple of months later, on May 7, 2013, by decree on memorable and festive dates, the last Saturday of May became the official regional holiday “Day of the steppe”. This year it was celebrated on May 26th. By the way, Kalmykia followed the example of the Orenburg region, where there are also steppes and where this holiday is also celebrated. The steppe had an official birthday and an occasion to attract the attention of officials to their problems and show their beauty to tourists. The steppe project completed its work in Russia, making a great contribution to the conservation of the steppes. My work was completed, but the steppe had other plans for me. At the end of 2015, she finally took possession of me, luring me to work in the Orenburg Nature Reserve. And now we have a secret alliance with her, which is growing stronger with each of my visits. After all, the steppe is not at all dull and very interesting. And the photographer’s eye has something to catch on and not get out for ever.

32. Orenburg Nature Reserve

33. Steppe flowers

34. Orenburg reserve

35. Steppe flowers

36. Orenburg Nature Reserve

Spring again. Reserve steppe. Trembling like a blade of grass in the wind. Not from the cold - from lack of sleep. But how can you sleep and miss a miracle? This thin morning drinkable without straw in one motion of the lips. These swollen dew drops on fescue sticks, even if you lick them with your tongue. This tart and rough smell of wormwood that your shoes spray around. This muffled sound of footsteps, which happens only at dawn on damp ground - and in melting silence the beat of the heart in the temples: one, two, one, two. And now the dawn-glassblower pulls a thin gold thread over the horizon, weaving bright ribbons into it, like a girl’s wreath ...

37. Przhevalsky horses imported into the Orenburg steppe

38. Steppe flowers

39. Orenburg steppe

40. Orenburg Nature Reserve

41. The same

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The ethnographic reserve festival "Breath of the Steppe" was held in Orenburg Region
At the festival, the symbol of which the Przhevalsky horse was chosen, several exhibition venues were organized / The plot “Volunteering and volunteering in the Russian Federation” / May, 2018

Ethnographic reserve festival "Breath of the steppe" was held on the site "Pre-Ural steppe" of the state nature reserve in Orenburg on May 26. About it informs the press service of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Orenburg Reserves".

42. Ethnographic Reserve Festival "Breath of the Steppe" in Orenburg / Photo: Alexander Zhuchkov

43. Photo: Irina Latypova

44. The same

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The aim of the festival, which has been held in Orenburg for the sixth year in a row, is the civil-patriotic education of children and youth, the formation of an environmental culture of the population through the joint activity of volunteer and public organizations.

47. Ethnographic Reserve Festival "Breath of the Steppe" in Orenburg / Photo: Irina Latypova

48. The same

49. Photo: Irina Sukhova

50. The same

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It is noted that in the preparation and conduct of the event, the idea of \u200b\u200bwhich belongs to the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Orenburg Reserves", volunteer associations of universities of the Orenburg region, the military-historical club Rusich and a permanent partner of the festival "Peresvet" took part.

According to the latest data, about sixty people gathered in the reserved area, despite the cool weather.

52. Ethnographic Reserve Festival "Breath of the Steppe" in Orenburg / Photo: Irina Sukhova

53. The same

56. Photo: Irina Latypova

At the festival, the symbol of which Przhevalsky's horse was chosen, several exhibition venues were organized where the history of the steppe in eras was presented. The ethnographic tent camp "Luchezar" of the Russian society "Peresvet", which is located in the visit center of the reserve, has become the semantic center of the holiday.

57. Ethnographic Reserve Festival "Breath of the Steppe" in Orenburg / Photo: Irina Latypova

58. Photo: Maxim Chumakov

59. The same

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After a live presentation of the site during the day, the organizers of the event held master classes and various activities on a historical theme. Guests of the festival could practice a sword fighting or shoot archery. In addition, the organizers of the event invited the guests to weave together the “Friendship Belt”.

62. Ethnographic Reserve Festival "Breath of the Steppe" in Orenburg / Photo: Maxim Chumakov

63. The same

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“The common cause united the guests frozen in the steppe wind, so the FSBI team decided to give a gift for all the festival participants — a free tour of the Breath of the Steppe ecological path and close acquaintance with Przhevalsky’s horses,” the message said.

Event scenario

"Day of the steppe"

Completed by: Goryaeva B.N. Methodologist MKOU DOD "Chernozemsky DDT"

P. Komsomolsky, 2015

Scenario event "Day of the steppe"

The topic of nature protection is currently relevant for everyone. For schoolchildren, it is interesting not only with factual material, but also with rich emotional content.

Objectives:

introduce students to the Earth Day holiday;

to form interest in the surrounding world and environmental awareness;

to nurture the desire to respect nature, to actively participate in protecting the environment.

Equipment:

computer and projector.

Earth Day is celebrated on April 22 - the International festival of clean Water, Earth and Air. A day of reminder of terrible environmental disasters, a day when every person can think about what he can do in solving environmental problems, extorting indifference in himself.

Since 1997, Earth Day began to be celebrated in Russia. This is the most massive and large-scale environmental action. On this day, the most important tasks for improving and landscaping cities, rural settlements, expanding the area of \u200b\u200bgreen spaces, and reducing land pollution by industrial emissions and municipal solid waste are being solved.

There are many plains, mountains, deserts on the earth, and today we will talk about our native steppe. The steppe is spread by vast expanses on the plains. In ancient times, the steppe was called the “wild field”, and now agricultural fields are spread here.

The fauna in the steppe is not as diverse as in dense dense forests, but also very interesting. Among the animals of the steppe there are saigas, bustards, strest, marmots, jerboas and many other inhabitants of endless fields.

Let's check our erudition now. I will ask questions, and you must answer them.

Quiz "Connoisseurs of nature"

A reserved place where rare and valuable plants, animals, unique sites of nature, cultural values \u200b\u200bare preserved and preserved. (RESERVE)

The science of the relationship of plant and animal organisms to each other and to the environment. (ECOLOGY)

The book, which contains rare and endangered animals, plants and mushrooms that need protection and protection. (RED)

Large marsh bird with long legs and a long neck. a symbol of hope and good luck, inspiring people to the most beautiful works of art for many centuries. (CRANE)

A small short-tailed rodent is a malicious pest of crops. In the spring and summer, it destroys the succulent shoots of cereals, in the fall - the grain. Having accumulated fat, prepares for hibernation. In the spring, having climbed to the surface, the animal likes to bask in the sun, standing in a column at the hole. Alarmed, whistles loudly and immediately hides in a hole. (GOPHER)

He jumps like a kangaroo on his hind legs. It jumps quickly and does not break in the dark, because it is well-oriented due to its delicate hearing and sensitive mustache vibrissa. A long-long tail with a large fluffy tassel at the end serves as a jerboa and a rudder and balancer when jumping. And with short front legs the animal catches and eats insects, seeds, juicy bulbs and roots. (JERBOA)

This bird loves open spaces, lives in the steppes and semi-deserts. Looking for prey, he soars high in the air, slightly bending his wings. With a keen eye he notices the slightest movement on earth. If anything edible appears, this bird folds its wings and dives down. Only at the very ground opens its wings and grabs the victim with its claws. (STEPPE EAGLE)

It is called the steppe antelope - thin-legged and fast. Their herds rush at a speed of 70-80 kilometers per hour, raising clouds of dust, but the animals do not choke, because they have a device for air purification, hanging over the mouth. They are extremely hardy. They travel vast distances without rest. Resistant to heat and can do without water for a long time. And they are not capricious in food: they eat grass, lichens, even wormwood and poisonous plants. It turns out that there is a lot of copper in their body, and it neutralizes the effect of plant poisons. (SAIGAK).

Many species of animals live on the steppes of our republic. One of them is the saiga. Now it is considered a rare, endangered animal. Saiga is listed in the UNESCO Red List.

Back in the 80s, more than 400 thousand of them lived in the steppes of Kalmykia, which made it possible to produce over 10 thousand animals annually, receiving valuable dietary meat and medicinal raw materials from them. At the time of the mammoth, saigas inhabited all of Europe to England. Saiga remains were found even in Alaska. Now they can be found only in the steppe zone of Kazakhstan, and here in Kalmykia. In Kalmykia, it lives in semi-desert and desert zones.

Now we will play with you. I will give you excerpts from the proverbs, you must find a mate for yourself to make up the full text of the proverb

One log does not burn in the oven, two logs do not go out even in the steppe.

It will spill in the mountains - the steppe will blossom.

And beyond the high mountain lies the steppe.

The walking steppe will cross.

Have friends - wide as a steppe; you do not have it - narrow as a palm.

Having friends is like the steppe, having no friends is a handful.

Roe (hare) field loves.

The steppe forest is no better.

In the steppe, there is space in the forest.

The Kalmyk steppe is wide, and people are crowded with them.

Our lesson has come to an end, thank you all for participating. Let's sing a song to the motive "From a smile ..."

Steppe song:

How beautiful my steppe is in spring!

How she shines joyfully, radiantly!

And they fly, circle me

Larks trills in the silvery sky!

Chorus:

Grasshoppers yawn for a tulip!

The sun is shining, April is in the air,

And the steppe is painted in rainbow colors!

A crane will come to visit us,

And tell us new tales!

Chorus:

Ju-ju-ju, a bug sang, a spider on a blade of grass,

Grasshoppers yawn behind a tulip

Saiga galloped, didn’t even recognize his mother,

And around the feather grass and butterflies fly!

I really liked how you did all the work today, for you I have prepared these medals. Well done today.

Scenario event "Day of the steppe"

Objectives:

to introduce students to the holiday "Day of the steppe";

to form interest in the surrounding world and environmental awareness;

to nurture the desire to respect nature, to actively participate in protecting the environment.

Equipment:

computer and projector presentation

Today is a class hour dedicated to the Day of the steppe. In the Republic of Kalmykia, “Day of the Steppe” was established by the Law of the Republic of Kalmykia of March 6, 2015 3 108-V-З “On Amendments to the Article of the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan“ On Holidays and Memorial Days in the Republic of Kalmykia ”. (slide 1)

And now I will ask questions, and you must answer them.

Quiz "Connoisseurs of nature"

A reserved place where rare and valuable plants, animals, unique sites of nature, cultural values \u200b\u200bare preserved and preserved. (RESERVE)

The science of the relationship of plant and animal organisms to each other and to the environment. (ECOLOGY) (slide 2)

The book, which contains rare and endangered animals, plants and mushrooms that need protection and protection. (RED) (slide 3)

Large marsh bird with long legs and a long neck. a symbol of hope and good luck, inspiring people to the most beautiful works of art for many centuries. (CRANE) (slide 4)

Many species of animals live on the steppes of our republic. One of them is the saiga. Now it is considered a rare, endangered animal. Saiga is listed in the UNESCO Red List.

Now we will play with you. I will give you excerpts from the proverbs, you have to find a couple to compose the full text of the proverb (slide 12)

One log does not burn in the oven, two logs do not go out even in the steppe.

It will spill in the mountains - the steppe will blossom.

In the steppe, there is space in the forest.

And beyond the high mountain lies the steppe.

The walking steppe will cross.

Have friends - wide as a steppe; you do not have it - narrow as a palm.

Having friends is like the steppe, having no friends is a handful.

I really liked how you all worked today. Well done today.

On May 27, as part of the Year of Ecology, on the day of the Orenburg steppe, visitors and readers of the Pilyugin model rural library presented a book-illustrated exhibition “Orenburg-the steppe capital, we have something to be proud of”. Readers of the library got acquainted with literature on the steppes of the Orenburg region on the problems of ecological and economic development of the steppe regions, the conservation and protection of steppe landscapes, flora and fauna. The exhibition featured rare photographs of animals and birds, including those listed in the Red Book. The photographs representing the steppe expanses of the Buguruslan region made by a resident of the village of Prasolova M.V. were especially popular.

The presentation about the “Unique Steppe State Orenburg Reserve” was received with interest by library users. For older children, a literary and musical composition “The Orenburg Steppe, free space ...” was conducted.

The events were attended by 24 people.

In Krasnoyarovsk c / library with students of junior and middle classes (attended by 16 people), an environmental lesson "Preserve the beauty of the steppe" was held. During the event, a slide presentation "Ecological disaster of the region" was held with a discussion of environmental problems, the dialogue "How can I help nature?" Participants in the event actively participated in the poetry contest "Poetry of my land."

The event "Steppes of the Orenburg region" was held in the Elatom village library together with the employees of the Palace of Culture. A book exhibition “Orenburg native land” was arranged for the event, a review of the literature on the protected areas of the Orenburg region, and the vast expanses of the steppe was conducted.
The participants of the event got acquainted with the fates of fellow countrymen who mastered the virgin lands and watched the albums: “Virgin Soil from Elatomka”, “History of the Orenburg Region”. The event was accompanied by an electronic presentation, “The Orenburzhye Preserves”, which presents material on the site of the Talovskaya Steppe reserve, on the Buzuluksky Bor, as the Orenburg region national park and others. The information provided interested those present. Of particular interest was the story of M. Kabanova, a resident of the village. about their relatives who took part in the virgin land raising. The event was attended by 18 people.

Ecological conversation “Steppes, you are good!” Took place in the Noikinsky c / library. Librarian Semenova T.A. spoke about the environmental problems of forests and steppes. During the event, readers read out excerpts from the works of A.P. Chekhov “The Steppe”, Turgenev's “Forest and the Steppe”, where the writers created the image of the steppe, conveying the sensations of the steppe expanse. The instructive material was obtained by them when watching a video of the film “Orenburg Steppes - the Land of Mother Motherland”. The event ended with listening to Russian folk songs on the theme: "The steppe, yes the steppe, all around." Present: 12 people.

The Blagodarovsk rural library spent an hour of information “Steppe Open spaces of the Orenburg region” with high school students (25 people attended). During the event, the guys watched the presentation “Oh, you’re mine, the steppe is free”, got acquainted with the fate of fellow countrymen of the virgin lands, recalled the writers' works on the development of virgin lands, examined the environmental problems of the steppes. An exhibition “Face of the Steppe” was prepared for the event.

The Ivanovo Library held local history readings “The Land of Natural Contrasts”. Here a story about the diversity of landscapes of the Orenburg region and the Buguruslan region, prepared by librarian Postol O.V. was held. Participants in the event took part in the quiz “Animals and Animals of the Orenburg Steppes” using the “Red Book of the Orenburg Region”. The event was attended by 16 people.

Book-illustrative exhibitions “Dialogues about the Steppe”, “Steppe Open spaces of the Orenburg Region” and others functioned in all libraries of the region.

In the midst of the flowering of tulips in April, Kalmyks celebrate the Steppe Day. The first time it was celebrated in the spring of 2015. The authors of the idea hope to draw attention to the problems of flora and fauna of Kalmykia.

Spring every year breathes life into thousands of kilometers of the Kalmyk steppe. The endless plain is covered with a tulip carpet. The age of the tulip is short-lived - only two to three weeks. The height of the flower is ten centimeters, so it is easier to protect yourself from continuous wind. For many centuries, the tulip was the pride of Kalmykia, and now needs protection.

Previously, the steppe was almost completely covered with yellow, purple, white, red and even black tulips. But the love of a flower played a cruel joke with him: people cut off plants, plucking the largest. These tulips will not give new flowers. Their number is also declining due to plowing of land, natural fires and grazing. Today, a flower is listed in the Red Book as an endangered species of plants.

Kalmyks have always called the steppe the nurse. To a person who comes to her, she seems deserted and lifeless. But the Kalmyk hunter will always find prey here. In the old days, the archer's family was always full. A few centuries ago, Kalmyks hunted for food. It was necessary to fall into a sacrifice at full gallop - the hunter’s animal does not allow closer than 200-300 meters. You will miss - you will be left without lunch. In our time, hunting has ceased to be a vital trade, but Kalmyks maintain traditions and organize competitions at holidays.

The national Zeg ornament is a symbol of the difficult nomadic life and the cyclical nature of the world. Steppe motifs were decorated with silver and gold threads on clothes. The pattern is complex, there is a certain technique of embroidery “zega”. Today, only a few craftswomen in Kalmykia possess the unique embroidery skill. Women pass on their knowledge to young students. Nowadays, stage costumes are decorated with traditional ornament. The famous dance of Kalmyks chichirdyk. On men, black beshmet, symbolizing the earth, on girls - red dresses, a symbol of the flowering steppe.

Kalmyks belong to the nomadic people. Nomads lived in portable yurts. Such a wagon, consisting of wooden poles covered with felt, is assembled and disassembled in a matter of minutes. Kalmyk dwelling can be divided into three parts: folding lattices, poles and the upper circle of the harachi. It allows smoke to leave the room and illuminate the yurt. The doors of the kibitka were necessarily set to the south, since this side was always bright and carried heat to the dwelling. In such a wagon it is comfortable in any weather: in summer it is cool, in winter it is warm. The floor is covered with skins, in the center there is a hearth, and the dome of the wagon is covered with a special cover if necessary.

Kalmyk carts today can be seen both in the museum and in the steppe. The owners of such dwellings are engaged in animal husbandry and roam with camels. In the old days, almost every steppe family had these desert ships. Now camel breeding specialists have to be invited from Mongolia.

The Mongols are considered one of the best specialists in the dressing and haircut of camels. Animal hair is valued more than sheep’s, and camel milk contains more vitamins and minerals than cow’s milk. A Mongolian family from the benefits of civilization may have solar panels, a cell phone. The main luxury of the steppe is a well. The nearest store is tens of kilometers away, so food is no different.

Steppe cuisine - mainly meat and dairy. The owner of the yurt spends several hours daily near a wooden tub - whips butter, makes koumiss, cheese and an archaic alcoholic drink. The meat here is a delicacy. They do not eat it often; usually a ram is slaughtered for guests and on holidays. But not a single dish can do without milk. For example, national tea is prepared with the addition of milk and salt. The hostess pours a cup of such a drink to the altar every morning - this is an offering to the saints. There is a Buddhist altar in every yurt; here, the spouses pray for the well-being of the family.

Chermen Ulubiev

Methodological development of an open extracurricular event Topic: “Oh, you are my steppe, the steppe is free. Day of the steppe: young holiday of Kalmykia Events about the steppe

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