What are the morphophysiological features of predators. Morphophysiological and bioceneotic features of the fox (Vulpes Vulpes L.) and the Corsaq (Vulpes Corsac L.) and their importance in the circulation of natural infections and invasions in the south of Western Siberia
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Polashuk Elena Mikhailovna. Morphophysiological and biotocenotic Features of the Fox (Vulpes Vulpes L.) and the Corsaq (Vulpes Corsac L.) and their meaning in circulation of naturallyochemical infections and invasions in the south of Western Siberia: 03.00.08, 03.00.16 Polashuk, Elena Mikhailovna Morphophysiological and biotocetic Features of Lisens ( Vulpes Vulpes L.) and the Korsak (Vulpes Corsac L.) and their meaning in the circulation of natural infections and invasions in the south of Western Siberia (on the example of the Omsk region): dis. ... Cand. biol. Sciences: 03.00.08, 03.00.16 Omsk, 2005 276 p. RGB OD, 61: 06-3 / 114
Introduction
Chapter 1. Features of the biology of the korsak and foxes in the territory of Western Siberia and the importance of these animals in maintaining natural focal infections and invasions (literature review) 11
Chapter 2. Materials and methods. Brief ecological-faunistic characteristics of the research area 56
2.1. General About material 56.
2. 2. Research Methods 60
2. 3. Brief ecological-faunistic characteristics of the study area 66
2. 4. Brief description of stationary observations 76
Chapter 3. Morphophysiological Features of the Korsak and Liser of the Omsk Region 79
3.1. General features of the exterior, interior and craniology of predators 19
3. 2. Geographical variability of morphophysiological indicators 86
3. 3. Features of morphophysiological indicators in animals of different sexes 91
3. 4. Age variability of exterior, interior and craniological indicators in Fox and Korsaka 94
3. 5. Using Craniological Indicators for Analyzing Subsido Accessories Predators inhabiting Omsk Region 97
Chapter 4. Features of the ecology of the Korsak and Fox in the Omsk region 99
4.1. Comparative analysis The number and density of the population of the fox and the korsak 99
4. 2. Dynamics of the number of predators 109
4.3. Polya I. age structure populations 118.
4. 4. Spatio-etological structure of populations of predators 121
4. 4. Features of the use of topical resources by fox, korsak and badger 121
4.4. 2. The density of brood shelters of predators 130
4. 3. 3. Types of spatial distribution of predators on the territory of the steppe reserve 134
4. 5. Features of feeding animals 141
4. 6. Biotic connections in (topical). 151.
Chapter 5. The role of the Korsak and Fox in maintaining the epizootic process of a number of natural focal infections and invasions in the Omsk region 161
5.1. Corsaq and Fox as the owners and distributors of rabies virus in 2000-2004 161
5. 2. The role of predators in the circulation of other infections and some invasions 176
5. 2.1. Fox infections and Korsaka Omsk region 176
5. 2. 2. INVAZI Fox and Korsaka Omsk region 183
Conclusions 190.
Bibliography 192.
Appendices 224.
Introduction to work
Fox (Vulpes Vulpes L.) is the most numerous and widespread type of predatory family of pings, throughout the territory of the Omsk region. Corsake (Vulpes Corsac L.) - endemic of dry steppes, semi-deserts, deserts and dry foresight of the Central Eurasia. In the Omsk region dwells in the zone of the steppe and subzone of the southern forest-steppe.
The basic in the study of the features of the biology of these predators are the works of the authors: A. A. Sadden, A. A. Lazareva (1966), A. A. Lazarev (1967; 1968), V. G. Heptner et al. (1967), A. A. Sadden (1981), M. A. Weisfeld (1985), G. N. Sidorova (1985) and others. In Western Siberia, the study of ecology, ethology, biocenotic and economic importance of the fox and the korsaki were engaged in . A. Abashkin, 1969; L. A. Barbash, V. V. Shibanov (1979; 1980), V. V. Shibanov (1980; 1986A; 19866; 1989A; 19896).
Interest in the peculiarities of the vital activity of these predators, both in Western Siberia and in other regions of the country, first of all, their meaning in the circulation of rabies virus (Felk, 1970; 1972; 1973; 1978; Frykov, Gribanov, 1974; 1978; 1980; Malkov, Korsh, 1972, Sidorov et al., 1989; 1990; Sidorov, 1995, etc.). Halmine Fauna of these predators (Cadenation, Sokolov, 1966; 1968) was studied at a much lesser extent.
To date, the morphophysiological features of the fox and the korsak of Western Siberia remain unemployed. Morphophysiological indicators are not used to assess the regional environmental features of predators. Issues of fading affiliation of the fox and the korsak, inhabiting the south of Western Siberia, remain controversial. In the literature, there is practically no data on the current state of the number, its dynamics, the population density of the fox and the korsak in the Omsk region. Insufficiently studied intake, the spatial-etological structure of populations, nutrition, biocenotic connections of these species. The characteristic of infections and invasions of the described predators is most fully covered only with respect to rabies and a number of gelminyons.
Fox and Corsac deserve attention as components natural communitywhose role is ambiguous in the face of changing regional naturally masculum features and anthropogenic transformation of landscapes.
The relevance of the study was determined by the insufficient study of the biology and biocenology of the fox and the korsak in the territory of Western Siberia and the importance of these predators in the circulation of a number of natural-based infections and invasions. In the Omsk region before the start of our work, the biology of predators was not the subject of targeted study. It predetermined the topic of dissertation research.
The work was carried out in the framework of the execution of the planned topics of the Omsk Research Institute of Natural Focal Focal Infections (NIIPO), state registration No. 01. 200. 112520, and also supported by a grant of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation (AOZ-2.12-610).
The purpose of the study: to identify the regional morphusiological and biotomotics features of the fox and the korsak and establish the significance of these animals in the circulation of natural focal infections and invasions on the territory of the steppe and the forest-steppes of the Omsk region.
Examine the morphophysiological features of the fox and the korsak, to establish the dependence of exterior, interior and craniological indicators from the characteristics of the ecology of predators. Using Craniological Indicators, to determine the similarity of the predators of the Omsk region with subspecies described for the territory of Western Siberia.
Examine the current state of the number and its "dynamics, population density, age-age and the spatial-etological structure of populations, nutritional features and biocenotic (topical) links of Fox and the Korsaka steppe and forest-steppe
Omsk region.
3. To explore the role of fox and the korsak in circulation of a number of natural focal infections and invasions on the territory under study. Scientific novelty of work.
For the first time for the south of Western Siberia, a full analysis of exterior, interior, craniological indicators of the fox and the korsak was held. Morphophysiological indicators are used to assess the biological peculiarity of the population of the Fox of the Omsk region. With regard to the korsak, this work was not previously conducted. The current state of the absolute and relative number of fox and the korsak in the Omsk region is estimated. An analysis of the sexual structure of the populations of Fox and the Korsaka of the Omsk region was made. For the first time in the region, the regularity of the location of various types of shelters relative to each other in the populations of the fox and the korsak. In the south of Western Siberia, such work was not previously conducted. For the first time in the Omsk region, the features of using predators of topical resources are revealed. The type of spatial distribution of foxes and the korsak populations has been studied. The topical relationship of foxes and the korsak among themselves and with other types of predatory detachments are revealed. Regional Features of Food Food and Corsa Corsa. The modern features of the epizootic process with rabies in these animals are opened. For the first time in the territory of the region, on the basis of serological data, the contacts of the fox and the korsak with the pathogens of Tularemia, pseudo-tuberculosis, ornithosis, leptospirosis, heersiniosis, leafiosis, tuberculosis were revealed. The fox has specific antibodies to the tick-borne encephalitis, the fever of the West Nile, in the Korsak to the fever of the West Nile. For the first time in the south of Western Siberia, the participation of predators in the circulation of Ankilostomoma)